Acids, Bases, and Salts Quiz

Acids have been classified into different categories. Select the odd one among the given pairs of acids. (i) Hydrochloric acid, Acetic acid, Sulfuric acid (ii) Citric acid, Formic acid, Nitric acid

1. (i) Acetic acid (ii) Nitric acid
2. (i) Sulphuric acid (ii) Citric acid
3. (i) Hydrochloric acid (ii) Formic acid
4. (i) Acetic acid (ii) Formic acid

Answer: (a) (i) Acetic acid (ii) Nitric acid

Solutions A and B are kept in two different beakers. They are tested with the litmus strips and the observations are recorded as given in the images below. What type of solution they could be?

1. A- Soap solution, B- Soda water
2. A- Lime water, B- Soda water
3. A- Soda water, B-Lime water
4. A- Mineral water, B- Soap solution

Answer: (c) A- Soda water, B-Lime water

After Archie was bitten by an ant, he began crying due to the burning sensation and pain. His mother brought calamine solution, while his grandmother brought baking soda to apply to the affected area. What is true about both remedies?

1. Baking soda neutralises the forming acid but calamine is not effective in this case.
2. They relieve pain as they are painkillers.
3. Only calamine is effective in pain and discomfort caused by bites, not baking soda.
4. They neutralise the formic acid injected by the ant.

Answer: (d) They neutralise the formic acid injected by the ant.

When a snowfall is expected, people spread salt on their parking lots and sidewalks. This practice prevents the accumulation of snow and helps in the easy removal of ice because:

1. Salting lowers the freezing point of water, which helps melt snow and ice.
2. Salting increases the freezing point of water, which helps melt snow and ice.
3. Salting increases the melting point of water, which helps melt snow and ice.
4. Salting increases the melting point as well as freezing point of water, which helps melt snow and ice.

Answer: (a) Salting lowers the freezing point of water, which helps melt snow and ice.

Two solutions A and B, contain different ions in majority. Identify the statement that does not accurately reflect their potential properties.

1. A turns blue litmus to red
2. A has bitter taste
3. B turns red litmus to blue
4. B is alkaline solution.

Answer: (b) A has bitter taste

Read the following assertion with its reason and select the correct answer. Assertion: Salt is always neutral. Reason: It is formed by the neutralisation reaction.

1. Both assertion and reason are correct and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are correct but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
3. Assertion is incorrect but reason is correct.
4. Assertion is correct but reason is incorrect.

Answer: (c) Assertion is incorrect but reason is correct.

Select the correct option mentioning the nature of salt formed by the neutralisation reaction of: (i) Sodium hydroxide with carbonic acid (ii) Hydrochloric acid and ammonium hydroxide (iii) Potassium hydroxide and sulfuric acid

1. (i) Basic (ii) Acidic (iii) Neutral
2. (i) Acidic (ii) Basic (iii) Neutral
3. (i) Basic (ii) Acidic (iii) basic
4. (i) Neutral (ii) Acidic (iii) Basic

Answer: (a) (i) Basic (ii) Acidic (iii) Neutral

Carefully study the given table and choose the row which displays an incorrect change in the colour of indicators? Substance Red litmus Phenolphthalein Methyl Orange (a) Curd Blue Pink Yellow (b) Spinach Blue Pink Yellow (c) Lime water No change Colourless Red (d) Orange juice No change Colourless Red

1. a and b
2. b and c
3. a and c
4. b and d

Answer: (c) a and c

Carefully read through the passage and answer the following questions. pH scale pH is a scale used to measure the strength of acids and bases, ranging from 0 to 14. The pH test measures the concentration of hydrogen ions present in a solution. A high concentration of hydrogen ions results in a low pH (indicating an acidic substance), while a low concentration of hydrogen ions results in a high pH (indicating a basic substance). The overall concentration of hydrogen ions is inversely related to the pH value and can be assessed using the pH scale. Acids are substances that release hydrogen ions (H+) and lower the pH, while bases release hydroxide ions (OH–) and raise the pH. The stronger the acid, the more readily it donates H+. Three different solutions are kept in jars, and their pH values are provided. Which statement(s) about these solutions is/are incorrect? (i) III has more OH- ions than II. (ii) II has more H+ ions than I. (iii) I gives red colour while III gives yellow colour with methyl orange.

1. Only i
2. Only ii
3. Only i and iii
4. Only i and ii

Answer: (b) Only ii

Carefully read through the passage and answer the following questions. Neutralisation reaction A neutralisation reaction is a chemical process in which an acid and a base react to form water and a salt. In this reaction, the acid produces H+ ions, which react with the OH− ions produced by the base, forming neutral water. The other product of the reaction is an ionic salt. The pH of the neutralised solution depends on the strengths of the acids and bases involved in the reaction. The neutralisation of a strong acid and a strong base results in a pH of 7. The neutralisation of a strong acid with a weak base will result in a pH below 7, while the neutralisation of a weak acid with a strong base will produce a pH greater than 7. Neutralisation reactions are commonly applied in daily life, such as in wastewater treatment, antacid tablet production, and controlling soil pH levels. Closely analyse the given salt solutions and select the correct statement concerning these salt solutions. P: Ammonium chloride solution Q: Sodium acetate solution R: Potassium chloride solution

1. P exhibits the same behaviour as soap solution when tested with turmeric solution.
2. Q exhibits the same behaviour as vinegar solution when tested with pH paper.
3. P exhibits the same behaviour as a common salt solution when tested with red litmus paper.
4. R exhibits the same behaviour as a common salt solution when tested with blue litmus paper.

Answer: (d) R exhibits the same behaviour as a common salt solution when tested with blue litmus paper.