Cell, Life Cycles, Reproduction and Development Quiz

Cell organelles are often given nicknames based on their functions. Select the option that correctly matches the cell organelles with their nick names. Organelles Nick name a Endoplasmic reticulum i Brain of the cell b Golgi bodies ii Protein factories c Nucleus iii Subway of the cell d Ribosomes iv Stacks of sacks

1. a - ii, b - iii, c - i, d - iv
2. a - iv, b - iii, c - i, d - ii
3. a - ii, b - i, c - iv, d - iii
4. a - iii, b - iv, c - i, d - ii

Answer: (d) a - iii, b - iv, c - i, d - ii

Chloroplasts and mitochondria are vital organelles in plant cells, performing distinct but interconnected functions. Chloroplasts capture sunlight to produce glucose through photosynthesis, while mitochondria break down glucose to release energy. How are these two organelles interdependent in maintaining the plant's cellular functions?

1. Chloroplasts produce glucose, which mitochondria use as a substrate for respiration.
2. Mitochondria provide ATP for all photosynthetic reactions in chloroplasts.
3. Chloroplasts directly produce ATP for cellular respiration in mitochondria.
4. Chloroplasts and mitochondria both regulate the cell’s water balance.

Answer: (a) Chloroplasts produce glucose, which mitochondria use as a substrate for respiration.

A biology teacher showed two slides to the students under a light microscope (image provided) and asked them to write comments on the two slides. The correct comment is:

1. Slide A is eukaryotic cell while slide B is prokaryotic cell.
2. Slide A is plant cell while slide B is animal cell.
3. Slide A is plant cell with cell wall and slide B is plant cell without cell wall.
4. Slide B is animal cell with many small vacuoles.

Answer: (b) Slide A is plant cell while slide B is animal cell.

Select the correct option regarding given assertion and reason. Assertion(A): In plant cells, the cell wall encases the plasma membrane. Reason(R): Cell wall offers tensile strength and protection against mechanical stress, as plants are immobile.

1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation for A.
2. A is correct but R is incorrect.
3. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation for A.
4. A is incorrect R is correct.

Answer: (a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation for A.

Select the option that indicates whether the given set of statements regarding the significance of reproduction in an organism is true(T) or false(F). (i) Reproduction contributes to the improvement of trait quality. (ii) If an individual fails to reproduce, it could lead to the extinction of that species. (iii) Reproduction is crucial for the continuity of a species. (iv) Reproduction helps maintain the characteristics of the parents.

1. (i) T, (ii) F, (iii) T, (iv) F
2. (i) F, (ii) T, (iii) T, (iv) F
3. (i) T, (ii) F, (iii) T, (iv) T
4. (i) F, (ii) F, (iii) T, (iv) T

Answer: (c) (i) T, (ii) F, (iii) T, (iv) T

The number of chromosomes in the parents and offspring of a species remains constant due to specific cellular processes. Reflecting on these mechanisms, choose the correct option.

1. The chromosomes double during the process of fertilisation.
2. The chromosomes are halved after the formation of the zygote.
3. The chromosome number is reduced by half during gamete formation.
4. The chromosomes double during the formation of the zygote.

Answer: (c) The chromosome number is reduced by half during gamete formation.

Carefully examine the given poster released by WHO regarding strategies to control mosquito populations. The poster emphasizes preventing mosquito breeding by draining water from tanks and coolers weekly because: (i) Stagnant water provides an ideal environment for mosquitoes to lay eggs (ii) Mosquitos only breed in polluted water (iii) Draining water disrupts the development of mosquito larvae (iv) The lack of water for adult mosquitoes to drink can lead to their death.

1. (i) and (ii) only
2. (i) and (iii) only
3. (iii) and (iv) only
4. (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

Answer: (b) (i) and (iii) only

Unhealthy lifestyle behaviours such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, being overweight, and maintaining a poor diet can lead to abnormal sperm morphology. Consider the given diagram of sperm and choose the option that does not accurately describe the effects of defects in different parts of the sperm.

1. A defect in the head affects the sperm's ability to fertilise an egg.
2. A defect in the midpiece reduces energy production, making it difficult for the sperm to swim and reach the egg.
3. Defects in the tail have no impact on the fertilisation process.
4. A defect in the acrosome can impair the sperm's ability to penetrate the egg.

Answer: (d) A defect in the acrosome can impair the sperm's ability to penetrate the egg.

Study the given diagrams A and B, then select the correct option to fill in the blanks of the provided passage regarding these processes. Both diagrams illustrate methods of __i____reproduction in animals. Diagram A represents___ii___, where each fragment can regenerate missing body parts and form a new individual. Diagram B represents __iii___, where an organism regrows its lost body parts over time .

1. i-asexual, ii-regeneration, iii- fragmentation
2. i- sexual, ii- fragmentation, iii- regeneration
3. i- asexual, ii-fragmentation, iii- regeneration
4. i- asexual, ii- regeneration,iii- budding

Answer: (c) i- asexual, ii-fragmentation, iii- regeneration

Carefully read through the passage and answer the following question. Structural Variations in Cells Just as bricks form the foundation of a building, cells serve as the basic units of life in living organisms. A cell's structure is intricately linked to its function. Its shape, size, and the organelles it contains are specifically adapted to perform its designated role within the organism. Cells adapt their structures to thrive and function effectively in various environments. Examine the given image of specialised cells in the human body. Cell A represents a red blood cell, and Cell B represents a nerve cell. The correct inference about their specialised structures in relation to their functions is:

1. Cell A is biconvex in shape to increases the surface area for efficient oxygen transport.
2. Branching increases the surface area for nutrient absorption in cell B.
3. The absence of a nucleus in cell A provides more space for haemoglobin.
4. A compact structure of cell B helps in storing energy.

Answer: (c) The absence of a nucleus in cell A provides more space for haemoglobin.