Earth's Structure & Natural Resources Quiz

The Earth's mantle is mostly made of rock, but it is very hot. Which of the following statements best explains why the mantle can flow like a thick liquid?

1. The mantle is mostly made of gases.
2. The mantle is made of metals that melt easily
3. The pressure pushes rocks to the surface.
4. The high temperature makes rocks soft and gooey.

Answer: (d) The high temperature makes rocks soft and gooey.

How does the loss of fertile soil due to erosion impact the environment?

1. It decreases the amount of nutrients available for plants.
2. It helps increase the number of plants that grow.
3. It leads to better plant growth by improving soil quality.
4. It has no effect on the environment.

Answer: (a) It decreases the amount of nutrients available for plants.

Air is a mixture of gases. Which of the following is a reason why nitrogen is an important part of the air we breathe?

1. Nitrogen helps plants to grow because it is part of their food.
2. Nitrogen makes up most of the air, and it helps to keep the oxygen levels balanced.
3. Nitrogen is the gas that gives us energy.
4. Nitrogen helps us breathe and is also used to make oxygen.

Answer: (b) Nitrogen makes up most of the air, and it helps to keep the oxygen levels balanced.

As a scientist studying the properties of air, you observe that air does not directly extinguish fire, but it plays a crucial role in keeping the fire alive. Why does the fire stop burning when the air supply is limited?

1. Air is made of gases that support life.
2. Air is a mixture of gases, and prevents fire from burning by cooling it down.
3. Air is only needed to start a fire, not to keep it burning.
4. Air contain oxygen that supports the process of combustion.

Answer: (d) Air contain oxygen that supports the process of combustion.

If you were to dig deeper into the Earth, what would happen to the temperature and pressure as you approach the Earth's core? Choose the graph that best represents this change.

Answer: (c)

Different forces cause rocks to break down into smaller pieces. Based on what you know about the types of weathering, match each example to its correct type of weathering. Example Weathering Type 1 Water freezing in cracks of rocks causes them to break apart. A. Chemical Weathering 2 Rain causes rocks to rust and change colour. B. Biological Weathering 3 Plant roots grow into cracks and break rocks apart. C. Physical Weathering

1. 1-A, 2-B, 3-C
2. 1-B, 2-C, 3-A
3. 1-C, 2-A, 3-B
4. 1-C, 2-B, 3-A

Answer: (c) 1-C, 2-A, 3-B

Imagine a large forest is being cut down at a faster rate than it is being replanted. If you were an environmental scientist, how might this affect the animals living in the forest?

1. More oxygen will be produced, improving air quality.
2. The balance of ecosystems will be disrupted, leading to loss of wildlife.
3. New trees will grow faster than before, compensating for the lost ones.
4. The amount of natural resources will increase.

Answer: (b) The balance of ecosystems will be disrupted, leading to loss of wildlife.

A school is planning to create a garden in an area with sandy soil. They want the plants to grow well by improving the soil. What should they add to the sandy soil?

1. More sand to increase drainage
2. Clay to make the soil heavy
3. Organic matter like compost to hold nutrients and water
4. Small rocks to improve air flow

Answer: (c) Organic matter like compost to hold nutrients and water

Match the soil types with their respective properties and uses: Column A (Soil Types) Column B (Properties) Column C (Uses) 1 Sandy A. High water retention X. Construction of walls 2 Loamy B. Well-balanced composition Y. Agricultural practices 3 Clayey C. Low water retention Z. Pottery and ceramics

1. 1-C-X, 2-B-Y, 3-A-Z
2. 1-A-Z, 2-C-X, 3-B-Y
3. 1-C-Y, 2-B-Z, 3-A-X
4. 1-C-Y, 2-B-Y, 3-A-Z

Answer: (a) 1-C-X, 2-B-Y, 3-A-Z

Ali lives near a factory that started releasing smoke into the air six months ago. He collected data on how many people in his neighbourhood coughed each month before and after the factory started releasing smoke. Based on the graph, what is the most likely reason for the increase in coughing cases?

1. The smoke increases oxygen in the air, causing breathing problems.
2. The smoke releases pollutants, making the air unhealthy to breathe.
3. The factory smoke reduces nitrogen levels, affecting breathing.
4. The smoke contains water vapor, making the air colder.

Answer: (b) The smoke releases pollutants, making the air unhealthy to breathe.